Paul.. You are correct in that the specs are for the finished pwb. The pad/hole relationship is determined using the specs, contractual obligation, INCLUDING manuf. tol. In fact, over many years/product lines, we have experienced very few problems with procduct from the fabricator. That is due to the fact that we have our fabricator(s) concur with our end product requirements as delineated on our pwb master drawing BEFORE we release it into the product definition. The original question was in respect to larger internal pads in their designs and why, since we have never seen or done that ourselves. I was just interested in the rational that went into making that design requirement for possible implementation into our product line if like requirements occur. After all is said and done, the message is: Whatever set of design parameters are generated, communicate with your fabricator NOW to reduce problems later. Regards, Bob Vanech Bob Norden Systems