Well there seems to be many questions and many answers and half answerers about BGA, as I have said in my BGA workshops its surface mount all over again. Some of the questions may be answered by the SMART Group Directory 1995/1996 which has a near complete copy of the SMART Group BGA Initial report which we conducted for charity. You can get a copy of the Directory from: Bill Dunlop Electronic Production magazine Tel: (44) 0171 417 7400 Fax:(44) 0171 417 7500 Internet:[log in to unmask] Or come to the SMART Group stand at Nepcon UK or I will bring a bow and leave it on the Electrovert Training Stand at Nepcon West.