Bob, Thanks for your response. The machines I'm using are a Soltec Sigma and Soltec Galaxy, both with nitrogen. ( have ruled out nitrogen as a cause) I have lowered the setings on the main, chip, and smartwave (Sigma has only a main and chipwave) to the point where I am barely soldering the bottom of the board. This creates insufficient solders, misses, and shorts. I am beginning to get the feeling that this condition is inevitable when using these devices on the bottom of the board. Maybe others have this problem and are not aware of it because they dont x-ray, or have the problem but wont admit it. I have gotten very few responses to this subject. I have tried the glass plate approach, but will give it another try. I would appreciate any other suggestions you may have. My current plan is to design some fixtures that would put the boards at a 45 degree angle and also a 20 degree angle to the wave. Again, any other input you may have will be appreciated, as this problem has consumed my time for the last 5 weeks. Thanks, Al Boulais ps: if I ever solve this I'll let you know the solution ______________________________ Reply Separator _________________________________ Subject: Solder Under IC's Author: [log in to unmask] at !INTERNET Date: 9/8/95 8:07 PM The problem is seen on Electrovert Omega waves and Soltect SMART waves you need to turn down the setting to reduce the insidence of the problem. Stick parts to a lev check to evaluate the best settings. Bob Willis UK Tel 01245 351502 Fax 01245 496123