Just share some idea: 1. The thickness of Nickel and Gold thickness; 2. Prolonged exposure of the PCB in the reflow/wave consumes the flux on the surface and starts to attack the Nickel. As Nickel erosion continues and the intermetallic is consumed, the bond quality is compromised. 2009/9/23 peter gong <[log in to unmask]> > Johnson, > In my view, there are no "PCB black pad issue" from your picture, but I > really don't know what is the real problem in your production line. The info > you provided is so not clear! > > Best Regards > > > *Peter Gong* > cellular phone:China 13417366601 > MSN: [log in to unmask] <mailto:[log in to unmask]>_ > > > > > On Wed, Sep 23, 2009 at 3:13 PM, Johnson Hu <[log in to unmask]>wrote: > >> >> >> Could somebody advise the root cause for PCB black pad and the potential >> risk of Products with black pad. >> > >