THIS IS YOUR HISTORY LESSON FOR THE DAY

In the heyday of sailing ships, all war ships and many freighters carried cannons. Those cannon fired round iron cannon balls. It was necessary to keep a good supply near the cannon, but prevent them from rolling about the deck.

The best storage method devised was a square-based pyramid with one ball on top, resting on four resting on nine, which rested on sixteen. Thus, a supply of thirty cannon balls could be stacked in a small area right next to the cannon.

There was only one problem - how to prevent the bottom layer from sliding/rolling from under the others.
The solution was a metal plate called a "Monkey," with sixteen round indentations. If this plate was made of iron, the iron balls would quickly rust to it due to the salt water. The solution to the rusting problem was to make, "Brass Monkeys." Few landlubbers realize that brass contracts much more and much faster than iron when chilled. Consequently, when the temperature dropped too far, the brass indentations would contract so much that the cannon balls would roll off the monkey. Thus we have the origin of "Cold enough to freeze the balls off a brass monkey"

GEEZ, thought you would never ask!