Michael, I am the best rework guy on the planet - besides Jeff. The big difference is he is a company owner,CEO. Hell, he's a hotshot an I'm a cat's meow. Anyway, Jeff can direct you well. However, I simply would say this: It doesn't matter if you're low or volume or whatever mix, the rework process is time consuming and must be dedicated to whatever assembly, board, and device you are using. Jeff, would echo this. I have been doing BGA and CCGA rework since I can remember - with good success but for bad designs. Hell, I enjoyed reworking stuff just so I could correlate findings back to design deficiencies. Though not the only reason, it is one that got me started on this DFM/CE rant. Couple of good companies, as always, are SRT and Air-Vac. Like Air-Vac now because of relative simplicity. No matter, be prepaired to spend much time on profiling starting with solder paste supplier recommended profiles. Then, you must go from there developing unique profiles for each assembly and each part of it. Kinda sounds like my inept wave soldering explanation. One such profile may consist of a total removal cycle of about 15 minutes. Then, you must clean and prepair the site for solder paste application using a micro stencil. Once ready, and all MSD requirements are met, you must place the device accurately and initiate and perform the reflow cycle. All in all, you spend about 30 or so minutes doing one device. Therefore, everything adds up to low volume, high mix. Just had to do this because of the DFM/CE thing. It's always interesting how much rework needs doing when the initial design is not right. Of course, repair and modification offer different explanations. MoonMan --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Technet Mail List provided as a free service by IPC using LISTSERV 1.8d To unsubscribe, send a message to [log in to unmask] with following text in the BODY (NOT the subject field): SIGNOFF Technet To temporarily halt delivery of Technet send the following message: SET Technet NOMAIL Search previous postings at: www.ipc.org > On-Line Resources & Databases > E-mail Archives Please visit IPC web site (http://www.ipc.org/html/forum.htm) for additional information, or contact Keach Sasamori at [log in to unmask] or 847-509-9700 ext.5315 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------