Hi Ralph, Re: TOC, It is an integrated systems approach to management. Try books by E.M. Golgratt; 'The Goal' and 'It's Not Lucky' Also book by H.W Dettmer; 'Goldratt's Theory of Constraints: a system approach to continous improvement'. ASQ does seminars on TOC, Just had one in Dec 99Watch the ASQ web site WWW.ASQ.ORG Paul Signorelli Reliability Engineer ############################################################## TechNet Mail List provided as a free service by IPC using LISTSERV 1.8c ############################################################## To subscribe/unsubscribe, send a message to [log in to unmask] with following text in the body: To subscribe: SUBSCRIBE TECHNET <your full name> To unsubscribe: SIGNOFF TECHNET ############################################################## Please visit IPC web site (http://www.ipc.org/html/forum.htm) for additional information. If you need assistance - contact Gayatri Sardeshpande at [log in to unmask] or 847-509-9700 ext.5365 ##############################################################