John:
As Dewey pointed out, I think it was a reference to a type of bullet that
became popular during the Civil War. It was named after it's inventor
French army Captain Claude F. Minie, see below:
The development of this half-inch lead rifle bullet revolutionized
warfare, while the slowness of Civil War military leaders to adapt their
tactics to adjust to the new technology was greatly responsible for the
overwhelming number of battlefield deaths.
Before the introduction of what soldiers commonly called
the "minnie ball"-even though it was indeed bullet-shaped-the use of rifles
in battle was impractical and largely limited to corps of elite marksmen.
Expensive, tight fitting projectiles had to be jammed into the grooves of
the rifle's muzzle, a time-consuming process.
In 1848, however, French army Captain Claude F. Minie created a
smaller, hollow-based bullet that could far more quickly and easily be
rammed into the bore, expanding when the weapon was fired to catch in the
rifling and be shot spinning out of the barrel. That spin made the mini
ball, like other, more expensive and unwieldy rifle bullets, a highly
precise and far traveling projectile. They could reach a half-mile or more,
and an average soldier could easily hit a target 250 yards away.
By 1855, Harpers Ferry Armory worker James H. Burton had honed an
even cheaper version of the minie ball, which, along with the rifle itself,
soon became widely used in the U.S. Army. It was the standard bullet for
both sides in the Civil War, although neither anticipated the enormous
difference this would make on the battlefield. Against a defensive line
using musket fire-requiring a 25-second reloading period and accurate to
only 50 feet or less-a frontal infantry charge was likely to be successful
if the assaulting force moved quickly enough.
The widespread use of the minie bullet, however, shifted the
balance greatly to the defense's favor. Nevertheless, Civil War generals
continued ordering such attacks, learning only after hard and bloody
battlefield experience-from the assault on Marye's Heights at
Fredericksburg to Pickett's Charge at Gettysburg-that their strategy would
have to be altered.
On Tue, 12 Dec 2006 11:54:00 -0800, John Burke <[log in to unmask]> wrote:
>Ok I know I am English; but what on earth is a 3 ring Minnie?
>
>John
>
>
>
>John Burke
>
>(408) 515 4992
>-----Original Message-----
>From: TechNet [mailto:[log in to unmask]] On Behalf Of Dave Simonik
>Sent: Tuesday, December 12, 2006 11:34 AM
>To: [log in to unmask]
>Subject: Re: [TN] The 'poisonous'- computer reports
>
> Yes, I believe this is definitely true. Using my metal detector at a Lake
>George NY elementary school, (Just off Bloody Pond Road) I unearthed
several
>'Three Ring Minnie's' from the Revolutionary war. Evidently, the grounds
>that now make up the school were a training camp. Indeed they are encased
in
>a whitish oxide, but appear to be intact, except for the one that was
fired,
>and the one that has teeth marks in it. If I find some time, I'll dig em'
>out of the closet and shoot a photo or two of them. I'll forward to Steve
>the photo's for all to see.
>
>Dave S.
>
>-----Original Message-----
>From: Dehoyos, Ramon [mailto:[log in to unmask]]
>Sent: Tuesday, December 12, 2006 2:12 PM
>To: [log in to unmask]
>Subject: Re: The 'poisonous'- computer reports
>
>
> For what is worth, I have read in a report that the lead bullets
>from The Civil War are still intact, as far as weight is concern, encased
in
>an oxide layer of lead.
> Ramon
>
>
>
>
>
>-----Original Message-----
>From: TechNet [mailto:[log in to unmask]] On Behalf Of Stadem, Richard D.
>Sent: Monday, December 11, 2006 3:35 PM
>To: [log in to unmask]
>Subject: Re: [TN] The 'poisonous'- computer reports
>
>For me, it is excellent and timely information, Joyce. Thanks.
>
>-----Original Message-----
>From: TechNet [mailto:[log in to unmask]] On Behalf Of Joyce Koo
>Sent: Monday, December 11, 2006 2:00 PM
>To: [log in to unmask]
>Subject: Re: [TN] The 'poisonous'- computer reports
>
>"In what way and in what form does lead react with water?
>
>Under normal conditions lead does not react with water. However, when lead
>comes in contact with moist air reactivity with water increases. A small
>lead oxide (PbO) layer forms at the surface of the metal. When both oxygen
>and water are present, metallic lead is converted to lead hydroxide
>(Pb(OH)2):
>
>2Pb(s)+ O2(g) + 2H2O(l) -> 2 Pb(OH)2(s)
>
>
>Solubility of lead and lead compounds
>
>Elementary lead does not dissolve in water under normal conditions (20oC,
>and pressure = 1 bar). It may however occur dissolved in water as PbCO3 or
>Pb(CO3)22-. A well-known example of a water soluble lead compound is lead
>sugar (lead(II)acetate), which derived its name from its sweet nature. Lead
>frequently binds to sulphur in sulphide form (S2-), or to phosphor in
>phosphate form (PO43-). In these forms lead is extremely insoluble, and is
>present as immobile compounds in the environment. Lead compounds are
>generally soluble in soft, slightly acidic water."
>
>hopefully it helps...jk
>
>
>abcd
>
>-----Original Message-----
>From: TechNet [mailto:[log in to unmask]]On Behalf Of Joe Fjelstad
>Sent: Monday, December 11, 2006 2:41 PM
>To: [log in to unmask]
>Subject: Re: [TN] The 'poisonous'- computer reports
>
>
>Hello Joyce,
>
>Thanks for the link.
>
>I could not find any statements about phosphor toxicity in the reference.
>
>That aside, this might be the was the piece of work that caused many to
>believe that lead was a leaching problem.
>
>As I understand it, the measurements were significantly off due to an
>unspecified experimental or arithmetic error which has since been admitted
>by the researchers.
>
>Someone else may have better insight.
>
>Very best,
>Joe
>
>
>
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