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February 2004

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Subject:
From:
"Morse, Carrie" <[log in to unmask]>
Reply To:
TechNet E-Mail Forum.
Date:
Tue, 17 Feb 2004 17:21:15 -0500
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And what about the extra stress that is going to be placed on the
process engineers as reflow profiles have to be 20 degrees higher than they are 
now!!!!!!!!!



-----Original Message-----
From: TechNet [mailto:[log in to unmask]]On Behalf Of Dehoyos, Ramon
Sent: Tuesday, February 17, 2004 3:54 PM
To: [log in to unmask]
Subject: Re: [TN] Is removal of lead from electronics solders a
legitimate effort?


        Not to mention the extra stress that is going to be placed on the
components as the reflow profiles have to be 20 degrees higher than they are
now. Product is going to fail sooner. It is going to be more expensive.
Ovens and wave solder equipment is going to deteriorate at a faster rate.
Mining for those not so abundant metals will scar the landscape more. The
list can be very long. It is nuts!
        Ramon
        	
	

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Joe     Fjelstad [SMTP:[log in to unmask]]
> Sent: Tuesday, February 17, 2004 9:47 AM
> To:   [log in to unmask]
> Subject:      [TN] Is removal of lead from electronics solders a
legitimate effort?
> 
> For those interested in knowing more about lead and the health risks 
> associated with it, the following is material I recently came upon. 
> 
> The more I research the subject, the more it seems there was a lack of 
> diligence on the part of the EU parliament in its certainly well-meaning
but 
> ultimately careless decision to ban lead from electronic solders. By doing
so, (based 
> on recent and continuing discussions in these forums), it appears that
they 
> are poised to cause a risk, to the European and World consumer population,
much 
> more uncertain than the risk of continued use of traditional electronic 
> solders. 
> 
> While this is a personal opinion, each of us needs to reach our own 
> conclusions based on the data we find and believe and the advice of the
many technical 
> experts who kindly grace these forums. 
> 
> Kind regards to all, 
> Joe
> 
> 
> Reference:
> K. Sexton, L. Needham, J. L. Pirkle "Human Biomonitoring of Environmental 
> Chemicals"  American Scientist, Jan-Feb 2004 pp 38-45 
> 
> The following table was extracted from a graph in the article. There may
be 
> small errors in interpreting the exact values thus approximations are
provided. 
> 
> It shows the dramatic reduction in lead in blood with the removal of lead 
> from gasoline in the US. The authors state that, at present, blood lead
levels 
> are less than 2µg/dL in the US. It is worth noting that lead in gasoline
has not 
> been completely eliminated in the US but is still allowed for aviation 
> gasoline, farm and marine equipment (ironically for safety reasons) and
racing fuel 
> for cars (for financial reasons ;-). 
> 
> 
> 
>             Lead in Gasoline (thousand of tons)        Mean blood levels
of 
> Pb (µg/dL )
> 
> 1976                            ~101

>           ~16
> 
> 1977                            ~ 88

>            ~14
> 
> 1978                            ~ 87

>            ~13.5
> 
> 1979                            ~ 60

>            ~12
> 
> 1980                            ~ 42

>            ~9.5
> 
> (The following data point is not from the original graph but was
constructed 
> from data from the article and the reference cited below.)
> 
> 2003                             ~ 7*

>             < 2 
> 
> * this is an estimate extracted from - Decision Document on Lead under the

> Process for Identifying Candidate Substances for Regional Action under the
Sound 
> Management of Chemicals Initiative- PUBLIC CONSULTATION DRAFT 
> Prepared by the Substance Selection Task Force for the North American
Sound 
> Management of Chemicals Working Group of the Commission for Environmental 
> Cooperation
> June 2003
> 
> 
> Blood levels of Pb (µg/dL) defined as toxic over time
> 
> 1965                        60
> 
> 1970                        40
> 
> 1975                        30
> 
> 1980                        30
> 
> 1985                        25
> 
> 1990                        25
> 
> 1995                        10
> 
> 
> 
> Following quotes from the article "Human Biomonitoring of Environmental > 
> Chemicals"  
> 
> ================================================================
> 
> "... the CDC began measuring blood lead levels in the US population, 
> ironically enough, after the Food and Drug Administration voiced concerns
about 
> possible exposures from eating food stored in soldered cans, which turned
out to be 
> a very minor risk compared with leaded gasoline." 
> 
> ================================================================
> 
> "It is important to remember that detecting a chemical in a persons' blood
or 
> urine does not by itself mean that the exposure causes disease."
> 
> ================================================================
> 
> "The latest CDC report, in addition to listing current biomarker levels in

> the population, also highlights some interesting exposure trends gleaned
from 
> earlier NHANES findings. For example, from 1991-1994, 4.4% of children
between 
> ages 1 to 5 had blood lead greater than or equal to 10µg/dL, the Federal
action 
> level. By the second collection period 1999-2000, only 2.2% of this age
group 
> exceed this threshold. This decrease suggests that efforts to reduce lead 
> exposure for children had been successful. It also serves as a reminder
that some 
> children living in homes with lead-based paint or lead contaminated dust 
> remain at unacceptably high risk" 
> 
> 
> From Lead in the Inner Cities by Howard Mielke 
> "Lead in paint and gasoline together accounts for most of the lead now in
the 
> human environment. In terms of raw tonnage, the amount of lead in gasoline

> over only the 57 years of its use from 1929 to 1986 roughly equals all of
the 
> lead in paints in 94 years of lead-paint production, from 1884 to 1978.
The peak 
> use of lead-based paint came during the 1920s when the U.S. economy was 
> largely agrarian and rural. Most lead paints still exist as a thin mass on
the 
> walls and structures of older buildings. Deteriorated or sanded and
scraped paint 
> contributes to lead dust accumulation in the soil." 
> 
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