We have the same experience with our HASL operators over the last 20 years.
-----Original Message-----
From: Edward Szpruch [mailto:[log in to unmask]]
Sent: 04 February 2002 03:49 PM
To: [log in to unmask]
Subject: Re: [LF] recycling lead
Brian,
I do not know if you need this remark:
Our HASL operators are performining periodical medical
examinations,espacially levels of lead in blood and urine are checked.No
higher concentrations are found compared to operators not exposed to lead.
Edward
Edward Szpruch
Eltek Ltd
P.O.Box 159 ; 49101 Petah Tikva Israel
Tel ++972 3 9395050 , Fax ++972 3 9309581
e-mail [log in to unmask]
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Brian Ellis [SMTP:[log in to unmask]]
> Sent: á ôáøåàø 04 2002 13:37
> To: [log in to unmask]
> Subject: Re: [LF] recycling lead
>
> Karsten
>
> 1. Have blood lead levels in solderers been measured and are they
> significantly higher than the general populace? (The last figures I saw
> on this were derived during the days of tetraethyl lead in petrol and
> there was no significant difference: today, as the background levels
> have diminished, the difference may be more measurable.)
>
> 2. Most of the solder, and especially the lead, can be recovered from
> PCB assmblies by a violent liquid levelling of the assemblies
> ***before*** they are chopped up. The alloy thus gained is about 50/50
> (some tin but little lead reamins in the IMC layer). This recovered
> solder is adequate for some mechanical soldering applications without
> further purification but it can, of course, be purified for recycling in
> our industry. The copper smelters are also happy as they have little
> lead in their recovered bronze, although they still have the tin, if
> they want pure copper.
>
> Brian
>
> Karsten Schischke wrote:
> >
> > Dear Harvey,
> > no discussion about batteries - there is a well established lead
> recycling
> > with a nearly perfectly closed loop (that's why no one in Europe
> discusses a
> > lead ban for acid-batteries).
> > But PCB / electronics scrap contains usually >> 5% copper and << 5% lead
> > (references (1), (2), (3) for these figures below), prices at LME on
> Friday
> > have been: 1,587 US$/t for copper and 486 US$/t for lead. Keeping this
> in
> > mind: What do you think where the majority of electronics scrap is going
> to
> > now and in the future, to a lead smelter or a copper smelter? I don't
> know,
> > but I guess it will be the copper smelter (where in addition the total
> > recycling rates will be higher due to the higher copper content, and the
> > coming WEEE directive will set recycling percentages independent of the
> > metal recycled). For Europe it's even different today: according to the
> EU
> > the majority isn't neither going to a lead smelter nor to a copper
> smelter
> > but to landfills and waste incinerators.
> >
> > By the way, Harvey, did you get some more details referring to my ECS
> > questions - unfortunately I tried several times to contact Jim Taggart
> by
> > e-mail, but didn't get any reply.
> >
> > I would like to come up with another "leadfree"-argument (not because
> I'm a
> >
> "leadfree-environmentalist-lobbying-and-fighting-for-getting-money-for-lea
> df
> > ree-research", but as you stress the cons of the ban I would like to
> stress
> > the other side of the medal to keep this forum a bit better balanced):
> Up to
> > know workers at lead smelters even with high ESH requirements have
> > significantly raised blood lead levels (knowing this from a copper
> smelter
> > who also processes secondary lead) - this problem will be solved at
> least
> > here in Germany by even stricter protection requirements, but I'm sure
> > throughout the world there is a lot of primary or secondary lead
> processed
> > under much less strict ESH legislation and supervision.
> >
> > references: (1) H. Griese, O. Deubzer, J. Müller, L. Stobbe: Applied
> > EcoDesign - Product Characterization by Sustainability Indices, Proc.
> > Tutorial EcoDesign 2001 (2nd International Symposium on Environmentally
> > Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing), Tokyo/Japan, December 12 -
> 15,
> > 2001; (2) S. Kreibe, J. Wagner, W. Rommel: Verwertung und Beseitigung
> von
> > Leiterplattenschrott, Bayerisches Institut für Abfallforschung - Texte
> Nr.
> > 7, S. 1-5; (3) L. Oiva,W. Oppermann, A. Middendorf, K.-H. Zuber, I.
> Stobbe:
> > Case study on the environmental impacts of a mobile phone, Electronics
> Goes
> > Green 2000+, Berlin, September 11-13, 2000)
> >
> > Best regards
> > Karsten Schischke
> >
> > ...............................................................
> > Fraunhofer IZM
> > Karsten Schischke
> > Dept. Environmental Engineering
> > Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25
> > 13355 Berlin
> > Germany
> > [log in to unmask]
> > http://www.izm.fraunhofer.de
> > ...............................................................
> >
> > ----- Original Message -----
> > From: <[log in to unmask]>
> > To: <[log in to unmask]>
> > Sent: Sunday, February 03, 2002 11:13 PM
> > Subject: [LF] recycling lead--a better answer to Karsten
> >
> > > Karsten
> > > "Recycling lead is not that easy.", you wrote. I disagree, recycling
> lead
> > is
> > > easy. The acid-acid battery industry smelts for lead with nearly 100%
> > > recovery every day (reference Metaleurop, RSR Corp, Exide, and
> others).
> > >
> > > Printed circuit boards are shredded by ECS Refining and many others.
> They
> > > are then like a lead-bearing ore. Then a primary/secondary LEAD
> smelter
> > like
> > > Doe Run In Missouri can recover well over 99% of lead. But send it to
> a
> > > COPPER smelter like Noranda or Union Miniere and you will only get 50%
> of
> > the
> > > lead. All smelters today have safeguards, including high enough
> > temperatures
> > > to avoid release of dioxins and furanes, according to many industry
> > sources.
> > > In the U.S. they report to agencies like OSHA and EPA.
> > >
> > > What isn't easy is coming up with the money to subsidize disassembly
> of
> > the
> > > equipment boxes, shred the boards, smelt for lead which sells for less
> > than
> > > $1/kg. Unless the supply chain is short and the source is
> concentrated,
> > lead
> > > is an economic drug on the market.
> > >
> > > By the way, lead oxide slag from copper smelters mixed with cement for
> > > roadbeds passes most leach tests. I'd like to see proof that any life
> > form
> > > has ever been truly damaged by such lead. But OK, we'll go along with
> the
> > > Greens on that one. Just stop the WEEE lead-free solder madness.
> > >
> > > An example of constructive research into alternative approaches is the
> > > Cookson-Cambridge-EA Technology to remove the solder chemically(ref
> Alan
> > Rae)
> > > before further processing. Lead-free solder will be so very expensive
> to
> > > implement; there are better, more environmentally friendly choices.
> > (Please
> > > see Karl Seelig's article in current EP&P, "Lead-Free is not a
> Given".)
> > >
> > > Harvey Miller
> > >
> > >
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To temporarily stop delivery of Leadree for vacation breaks send: SET
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E-mail Archives
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ext.5315
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